The Scientific and Research Center of Agriculture (SRCA) actively produces plants, animals, agricultural products, mills, and others. It also researches, recovers, conserves, and carries out related multidisciplinary work, including genetic research of local species and species populations.
The right part of these areas is studies, which will address the genetic diversity of Georgian local breeds of cows, their population-genetic structure, genetic-relative connections, and their relatives with other breeds of cows in the world.
More than 100 typical individuals were selected for research from the Pshav-Khevsur and Adjarian populations of Georgian mountain cows, which the Center searched. Samples were collected for mitochondrial DNA sequences.
The results of phylogenetic analysis have shown close genetic connections between individuals of the Georgian mountain cow and different breeds of cattle worldwide.
At the same time, previously unknown haplotypes and unique mutations of their mitochondria genome were found in Georgian mountain cow populations, which separate Khevsur and Adjarian populations from global cow populations.
Joint research carried out 2020-2024 as Shota Rustaveli National Scientific Foundation Grant Project (NoFR-19-21496) “Determination of genetic diversity of Georgian mountain cow and establishing relative connections with other breeds” and in it the framework of the Agricultural Scientific and Research Center, Georgian Agrarian University, Ilia University, G. Scientific employees of Natadze’s Scientific-Research Institute of Sanitation, Hygiene and Medical Ecology and the University of Georgia participated.
Mitochondrial DNA sequencing was carried out R. at the material-technical base of Lugari Public Health Research Center and the molecular-genetic laboratory of the Institute of Ecology, Ilia State University.
Based on the research, information was prepared for the global database of the DAD-IS (Domestic Animal Diversity Information System). Also, mitochondrial DNA sequencing data was placed in the nucleotide base of the National Center for Biotechnology Information).
All the discoveries mentioned above give a solid foundation for Georgia to be recognized as the oldest sewage of cow owners.
